Mythopoeia

Terraforming
The nature of Mars as a habitable planet is rooted in the fictional science of terraforming. In order for Mars to become habitable, it would need several things: Technology developed by Project Unearthing addresses each of these and systematically implements them to sculpt a livable world.
 * 1) Active Core
 * 2) Electromagnetic Field
 * 3) Non-Toxic Atmosphere
 * 4) Liquid Water
 * 5) Temperate Climate

Flora
Martian plants are different from those on Earth because Earth plants proved to be unsuccessful in sustaining billions of people. The new, engineered plants have super-chloroplasts which are purple instead of green, but also quadruple efficiency in photosynthesis. Mars is rich in protected green (purple) space.

Fauna
Rather than waiting for life to generate itself and slowly evolve, a Noah's Ark-like ship brought many species to populate the planet. Over time, these species are nearly unrecognizable to their Earthly descendants due to Mars' unique conditions.

Conlang
Eventually, without borders, Martians all speak one hybrid language. This language is like a melting pot, containing elements of every prominent Earthly language, but understood by all Martians. Regional dialects and original languages still exist, but Mars benefits greatly for unified language.